New Releases for July 2020 - The Ancients Collection (1 Viewer)

[Julie]

NEW RELEASES FOR JULY 2020
THE ANCIENTS COLLECTION
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME
REPUBLICAN ROMANS
PRINCIPES

The Roman army of the mid-Republic (also known as the manipular Roman army or the "Polybian army"), refers to the armed forces deployed by the mid-Roman Republic, from the end of the Samnite Wars (290 BC) to the end of the Social War (88 BC). The first phase of this army, in its manipular structure (290–ca. 130 BC), is described in detail in the Histories of the ancient Greek historian Polybius, writing before 146 BC.
The central feature of the mid-Republican army was the manipular organisation of its battle-line. Instead of a single, large mass (the phalanx) as in the Greek and Early Roman army, the Romans now drew up in three lines (triplex acies) consisting of small units (maniples) of 120 men, arrayed in chessboard fashion, giving much greater tactical strength and flexibility.

The Principes (singular princeps) were originally men in the prime of their lives , who were also fairly wealthy, and could therefore afford decent equipment. These were the heavier infantry of the legion, and their usual position was the second battle line.
By the time of the Punic wars infantry were sorted into classes according to age and experience rather than wealth. The Principes then became the older veterans but their equipment and role remained the same.
The velites would gather at the front , and cover the advance of the hastate. If the hastate failed to break the enemy, they would fall back on the Principes. If the principes could not break them then they would retire behind the Triarii.
This order of battle was almost always followed. It was Scipio Africanus at the Battle of The Great Plains, and the Battle of Zama, who modified this tactic.

PMRR-07R
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME,
THE ROMAN ARMY OF THE MID REPUBLIC,
PRINCEPS.
(1 pc)

PMRR-08R
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME,
THE ROMAN ARMY OF THE MID REPUBLIC,
PRINCEPS.
(1 pc)

PMRR-09R
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME,
THE ROMAN ARMY OF THE MID REPUBLIC,
PRINCEPS.
(1 pc)

PMRRBS-789R
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME,
THE ROMAN ARMY OF THE MID REPUBLIC,
PRINCIPES.
(9 pcs)

PMRR-07Y
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME,
THE ROMAN ARMY OF THE MID REPUBLIC,
PRINCEPS.
(1 pc)

PMRR-08Y
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME,
THE ROMAN ARMY OF THE MID REPUBLIC,
PRINCEPS.
(1 pc)

PMRR-09Y
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME,
THE ROMAN ARMY OF THE MID REPUBLIC,
PRINCEPS.
(1 pc)

PMRRBS-789Y
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME,
THE ROMAN ARMY OF THE MID REPUBLIC,
PRINCIPES.
(9 pcs)

 

[Julie]

ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME
THE NUMIDIANS

The Numidians were the Berber population of Numidia (present day Algeria and in a smaller part of Tunisia). The Numidians were one of the earliest Berber tribes to trade with the settlers of Carthage, and as Carthage grew , the relationship with the Numidians blossomed. Carthage’s military used the Numidian cavalry as mercenaries. Numidia provided some of the highest quality cavalry of the second Punic war, and the Numidian cavalry played a key role in a number of battles, both early on in support of Hannibal and later in the war after switching allegiances, to the Roman Republic.

Ancient authors, such as Polybius and Livy, tend to stress Carthage’s reliance on mercenary units, which is slightly misleading when applied to the Carthaginian army. While Carthage did employ mercenaries in the true sense of the word, Carthage’s usage of native African and Iberian recruits would not be true mercenaries as these peoples were subjects of Carthage.
Also Carthage’s army was composed of recruits from its allies fighting for Carthage in accordance with bilateral treatise. The Numidian Kingdoms are an example who provided extensive light cavalry due to the close relationship between the two states.

CTNUM-01
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME,
THE NUMIDIANS,
NUMIDIAN LIGHT CAVALRY.
NUMIDIAN PRINCE.
(3 pcs)

CTNUM-02
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT ROME,
THE NUMIDIANS,
NUMIDIAN LIGHT CAVALRY.
STANDARD BEARER.
(2 pcs)

THE ANCIENTS COLLECTION
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT GREECE AND MACEDONIA
THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR (431-404BC)
THE SPARTAN ARMY

The Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC) was an ancient Greek war fought by the Delian League led by Athens against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases. In the first phase, the Archidamian War, Sparta launched repeated invasions of Attica, while Athens took advantage of its naval supremacy to raid the coast of the Peloponnese and attempt to suppress signs of unrest in its empire. This period of the war was concluded in 421 BC, with the signing of the Peace of Nicias. That treaty, however, was soon undermined by renewed fighting in the Peloponnese. In 415 BC, Athens dispatched a massive expeditionary force to attack Syracuse, Sicily; the attack failed disastrously, with the destruction of the entire force in 413 BC. This ushered in the final phase of the war, generally referred to either as the Decelean War, or the Ionian War. In this phase, Sparta, now receiving support from the Achaemenid Empire, supported rebellions in Athens's subject states in the Aegean Sea and Ionia, undermining Athens's empire, and, eventually, depriving the city of naval supremacy. The destruction of Athens's fleet in the Battle of Aegospotami effectively ended the war, and Athens surrendered in the following year. Corinth and Thebes demanded that Athens should be destroyed and all its citizens should be enslaved, but Sparta refused.

The Peloponnesian War reshaped the ancient Greek world. On the level of international relations, Athens, the strongest city-state in Greece prior to the war's beginning, was reduced to a state of near-complete subjection, while Sparta became established as the leading power of Greece. The economic costs of the war were felt all across Greece; poverty became widespread in the Peloponnese, while Athens found itself completely devastated, and never regained its pre-war prosperity.

Ancient Greek warfare, meanwhile, originally a limited and formalized form of conflict, was transformed into an all-out struggle between city-states, complete with atrocities on a large scale. Shattering religious and cultural taboos, devastating vast swathes of countryside, and destroying whole cities, the Peloponnesian War marked the dramatic end to the fifth century BC and the golden age of Greece.

The city of Sparta was just one of the cities located in the ancient Greek state called Lakedaimon. Most of the other cities of Lakedaimon by this time had become subjects of Sparta.

Around the middle of the 5[SUP]th[/SUP] Century BC the Lakedaimonians started to lighten the equipment of their holpites. The traditional greaves and cuirass were discarded, and the closed Corinthian helmet was replaced by the open-faced “Pilos Helmet”.
A crimson short sleeved tunic, the “exomis” was commonly worn, with the right shoulder unpinned and allowed to fall leaving the right arm and shoulder free for action. In the 4[SUP]th[/SUP] Century the army of Agesilaos was clad entirely in Crimson. This had become the colour of the soldier and especially of the Lakedaimonian soldier. Apparently the Lakedaimonian soldier was even buried in his crimson robe.

During this period the Lakedaimonians were allowed to grow their hair and beard when on campaign, a style which had fallen out of fashion elsewhere in Greece at this time.

SPT-07A
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT GREECE
AND MACEDONIA,
THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR 431-404BC,
THE SPARTAN ARMY,
SPARTAN WARRIORS
(4 pcs)

SPT-07B
ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF ANCIENT GREECE
AND MACEDONIA,
THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR 431-404BC,
THE SPARTAN ARMY,
SPARTAN WARRIORS
(4 pcs)

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[mikemiller1955]

2 more Spartans with the lambda shields for me...