I grew up in Rapid City SD near Ellsworth AFB during the 50’s and early 60’s. Ellsworth was among the top targets of the Soviets during the cold war. It was a B52 and missile command base. There were 30 to 40 missile silos scattered around the area of that part of SD, MT, and NE that were controlled by a command unit at Ellsworth. B52's were on 24-hour ready alert at the end of the runway for decades. Often the pilots were not sitting in the ready rooms next to the runway but were sitting in their seats in the planes for long periods of time. It is now home to one of the B1 Wings.
As a school child we did indeed practice "duck and cover." During the Cuban missile crisis my Boy Scout Troop was used to stock the fallout shelters allover the city. We unloaded semi trucks full of blankets, cases of biscuits in metal drums, and filled containers with potable water into the basement of the high school, banks, power company office and even the down town library.
Outside Ellsworth were several Nike missile batteries. During the Cuban crisis we figured it was serious as all of the missiles were out on the rails at the ready for immediate launch. It was a scary time to see all those missiles pointed sky ward. Many of the children were Air Force dependents and they were white with fear. Some had fathers who were on the B52’s and most of them said Daddy is flying and he said he may not come back; then they would cry and yell “Daddy, that’s my daddy” when ever a jets contrail would appear overhead.
Now they sit abandoned, Nike and Minute Man sites. Ellsworth is scaled way back and is lucky to still be open.