It is ironic that 2011 is the beginning of the 150th Anniversary of the American Civil War, for the years leading up to war were characterized by similar events of tragic political violence. The print below shows a violent incident that occurred in Congress on May 22, 1856, which inflamed sectional passion. The illustration, a very early work by Winslow Homer, depicts the brutal caning of Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner by Preston Brooks, a Congressman from South Carolina. Brooks was committed to the southern code of chivalry that sanctioned the use of violence to avenge a personal insult. Sumner gave a speech attacking slavery and Brooks' cousin Senator Andrew Pickens Butler. Brooks (right) is standing over Sumner (seated), and Rep. Lawrence M. Keitt stands (center) raising his cane against possible intervention, while holding a pistol. In the foreground are Georgia Senator Robert Toombs (far left with hat) and Illinois Senator Stephen A Douglas (hands in pockets).
Winslow Homer
Arguments of the Chivalry.
Boston: John H. Bufford, 1856
Lithograph on wove paper