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Second Tactical Air Force (
2TAF)
This was one of three
tactical air forces within the
Royal Air Force (RAF) during and after the
Second World War. It was made up of
squadrons and personnel from the RAF, other
British Commonwealth air forces, and exiles from
German-occupied Europe. Renamed as
British Air Forces of Occupation in 1945, 2TAF was recreated in 1951 and became
Royal Air Force Germany in 1959.
Formation
2TAF was formed on 1 June 1943 as HQ Tactical Air Force from
Army Co-operation Command, in connection with preparations then in train to invade Europe a year later. It took units from both
Fighter Command and
Bomber Command in order to form a force capable of supporting the
British Army in the field.
Bomber Command provided
No. 2 Group equipped with light bombers.
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Fighter Command was split, with the
Air Defence of Great Britain, retaining fighter units for home defence.
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No. 83 Group and
No. 84 Group operated aircraft, whilst
No. 85 Group controlled ground-based units, for the
Second Tactical Air Force. In addition,
No. 38 Group (for towing assault gliders) and
No. 140 Squadron (who provided strategic photo-reconnaissance), were also part of the tactical air force at its inception.
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Second World War
2TAF's first commander was
Air Marshal Sir
John d'Albiac, who, on 21 January 1944, was succeeded by the man most associated with Second TAF, Air Marshal Sir
Arthur Coningham.
Coningham had great experience of the type of operations required for supporting fast moving ground warfare due to his command of the
Desert Air Force in
North Africa and Italy. He honed Second TAF into a command up to the challenges presented to it, and incorporated many of the lessons from Italy, including the use of the "cab rank" system for aircraft for
close air support, into the doctrine of Second TAF.
As soon as the armies advanced into Europe, 2nd TAF operated from forward airfields:
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