Losses of Soviet and German armored vehicles in 1943. Kursk Bulge (1 Viewer)

However, the most and most surprising and, in general, a phenomenon that was very difficult to explain was the use of various Muslim, Caucasian and Turkic formations by the Nazis. And this is after Himmler himself called them "wild nations." And what's more, their formation within the framework of the “SS troops” completely, by all 100%, contradicted all Nazi racial doctrines, and the very goal of organizing the SS, which was originally conceived as “an alliance of specially selected Nordic Germans”. And here? Flat faces, narrow eyes ... Well, these are Nordic signs that there’s nowhere else to go!

It is not clear why, but Hitler was especially distrustful of the volunteer units of collaborators recruited from the peoples of the USSR, and only in Muslims did he see those who could be relied upon. For example, in December 1942, at a meeting, he told his generals: “I do not know how these Georgians will behave. They do not belong to the Turkic peoples, I believe only Muslims are reliable. I consider all the others unreliable. At the moment, I consider the formation of these purely Caucasian battalions to be very risky, while I do not see any danger in creating purely Muslim formations. Despite all the statements of Rosenberg and the military, I do not trust the Armenians either. ” Here is how! And once again it shows how dangerous it is to trust the opinion of a “brilliant leader”, especially ... who does not have a decent education, because most often it will be wrong. But - the Führer said, “the machine started spinning”: the formation of military units from Soviet prisoners of war from “Turkestan and Caucasian nationalities” began, in which Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Tatars, Azerbaijanis and others were recorded. Already at the end of 1943 the “1 East Muslim SS Regiment. " In November 1944, it was turned into the “East Turkic SS Troops Union” which was given over to the standard of the SS Standartenfuhrer ... Harun al-Rashid. For some time he was listed as part of the 13 (Muslim) Mountain Rifle Division of the SS Handshar, but later became a separate formation.

In May 1944, a regiment in the Minsk region participated in military operations against the Red Army and ... then what happened was what happened. A large group of Kazakhs went to the partisans. After that, the regiment, or rather, what was left of it, was transferred to Northern Slovakia. But there, in December 1944, 400, Uzbek soldiers and officers again went over to the partisans. He commanded the rebel Obersturm Fuhrer SS Alimov, who at one time commanded this regiment.

Soldiers from the 51-th division of the English army next to prisoners of war from national units. The legionnaire's left can clearly see the emblem with the inscription TURKISTAN (its other variety is also known, where the bow and arrow were depicted)​

The British and American military, who landed in Normandy in June 1944, constantly noted that many of the "Germans" who surrendered to them were in fact citizens of the Soviet Union. According to their estimates, there were about 10% of all captured soldiers of the German army. And many fled to the French partisans, if only the opportunity presented itself.

Sentinel from the Free Arabia Legion​

In one of the comments to the first part of this material, the question was asked: did the blacks fight for the Germans? Yes, they fought. Because the command of the German armed forces, and in particular the leadership of the SS, did not consider it anything special to use "cannon fodder" with any color of skin. And if Reichsfuhrer SS Himmler agreed to create “national” units from Russians and Muslims, then there was a place for the British, Americans, and even Indians and Arabs. Are they worse? Moreover, there was another category of scum, which also did not disdain. These are actually German criminals, to whom God himself could have ordered “atone for the Reich” by fighting the partisans as part of the “valiant SS troops”. And such a unit, of course, was formed in February 1942. It was a special battalion of the Dirlenwanger SS, which in 1945 became the 36 SS division of the Dirlenwanger. Moreover, not only Germans, criminals, but also traitors from among Ukrainian nationalists served in it. Apparently, this audience turned out to be their closest in spirit, otherwise it is difficult to explain.

Very interesting photo. Chinese Jiang Weigo in uniform of fan-cadet (candidate for officers) Wehrmacht​

Admission of criminals to the ranks of the SS took place directly in concentration camps, and the selection of candidates was reduced to a simple formality. In the camps, such “SS men” performed the duties of kapo, warders, block elders, etc. In Auschwitz, these prisoners were, for example, from 1940 and “worked” together with SS guards “Dead Head”. Whatever crime they committed, they had nothing to fear from the gas chamber, they ate separately from other prisoners, had special rations and even ... their own apartments in the camp, and often well furnished, and even sold the things of the destroyed prisoners. That is, among the fascists practically any “human material” came into play, if only he had a suitable “morality” and spiritual values ​​corresponding to his “ideals”.

And this is what he became - that is, the experience of German service benefited him. Jiang Weigo is the general of the armed forces and Minister of National Defense of Communist China. 1965-1969​

And the last - all this was not a secret to anyone in the highest echelons of power of the Reich. An open secret, so to speak, and nothing more. So, far from the last person in the SS hierarchy, and the second after Himmler - SS Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich, in June 1942, he directly called the SS "a garbage can." That is, he, at least, was aware that the actions of the SS, and of himself, were simply criminal. And it is hardly an exaggeration to say that being a fascist or a Nazi (here the accuracy of the wording does not play a special role!) Simply means a state of mind, otherwise no one would buy such stupidity. And they were under Hitler in Germany, they were in England, USA, France, Norway among Arabs and Indians, among Chinese, Japanese, among Soviet citizens and white emigrants from Tsarist Russia. They exist today both in the West and in the former republics of the USSR, and even in modern Russia ...


[/QUOTE]

People from many ethnic groups served for a variety of reasons in the german army. Especially in the waffen ss that was a german "foreign legion". But the arthicle is not so true. In fact, many foreigners were enlisted with strength in the whermacht, others were fanatics or adventurers, others believed that Europe was in danger because of the red terror spreading all over Europe and believed in a crusade against Soviet Union. Others just enlisted in the waffen ss to defend their land and not because they believed in Hitler or in Nazism: this is the case of the letton and the estonian waffen ss legions. So, the reasons were really different, as usually happens in reality. The arthicle mentions the african, indian and even the very few british prisoners who chose the german uniform( but they never fought), and were only used for propaganda purpose. About the muslim legions( who rebelled, deserted and were soon dissolved) ...Well, the writer is wrong about the fact that Hitler considered the muslims rubbish people. This is historically wrong. In fact, Hitler, appreciated a lot the muslims, because they hated the jewish..So both the muslims ad the nazi hated the jewish. Finally, about the russians enterring the whermacht , the writer is also wrong. Most of the russian troops serving in the whermacht( Vassov, german cossacks, HIWIS) were faithful to the germans, till the death( also because they were aware that, whenever fell in the hands of the soviets again, they would be slaughtered, and this happened!).

So, the writer makes a lot of mistakes. By the way,the world today is totally different from those times, and if many russians feel in danger because of the foreigners, well, they seriously need psychiatric care.

Morover, history shows that Russia recentry is guilty for agression at their ex soviet republics: Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine...The scheme is the same: attacking a country with the excuse of helping the russian minorities.

Poppo said:

People from many ethnic groups served for a variety of reasons in the german army. Especially in the waffen ss that was a german "foreign legion". But the arthicle is not so true. In fact, many foreigners were enlisted with strength in the whermacht, others were fanatics or adventurers, others believed that Europe was in danger because of the red terror spreading all over Europe and believed in a crusade against Soviet Union. Others just enlisted in the waffen ss to defend their land and not because they believed in Hitler or in Nazism: this is the case of the letton and the estonian waffen ss legions. So, the reasons were really different, as usually happens in reality. The arthicle mentions the african, indian and even the very few british prisoners who chose the german uniform( but they never fought), and were only used for propaganda purpose. About the muslim legions( who rebelled, deserted and were soon dissolved) ...Well, the writer is wrong about the fact that Hitler considered the muslims rubbish people. This is historically wrong. In fact, Hitler, appreciated a lot the muslims, because they hated the jewish..So both the muslims ad the nazi hated the jewish. Finally, about the russians enterring the whermacht , the writer is also wrong. Most of the russian troops serving in the whermacht( Vassov, german cossacks, HIWIS) were faithful to the germans, till the death( also because they were aware that, whenever fell in the hands of the soviets again, they would be slaughtered, and this happened!).

Click to expand...

Please note: we are talking about the WW2 so don’t mix it with a nowadays stuff.

Poppo said:

...Well, the writer is wrong about the fact that Hitler considered the muslims rubbish people. This is historically wrong. In fact, Hitler, appreciated a lot the muslims...

Click to expand...

Sure you have something to back up of your words ( It would be great to see the proof )




Originally Posted by Poppo
I see in your mind is the darkness of a war paranoia and the famous Soviet encirclement syndrome for which all foreigners are enemies ....



Foreigners serving in the Wehrmacht and SS troops - they are enemies of Russians.

Doesn’t matter how would you call them. They were murderers and they are enemies.


You guys have no idea how horrible was that war for Russians.




This is just one of the thousands murders happened in USSR durring WW2

The UFSB Directorate for the Krasnodar Territory removed the “ top secret” stamp from the documents on the most terrifying crime of the Nazis during the occupation of the Kuban - the massacre of children in Yeysk in October 1942.


The victims of the Nazis and their accomplices from among local residents were pupils of the Simferopol Orphanage aged 6 to 14 years old, evacuated to Yeysk during the battles for Crimea. From 6 to 10 of October, 1942, in the third month of the occupation of Yeysk, children were loaded into some trucks and were taken to the outskirts of the city for killing. In total, fascists and their local assistants killed 214 children.

На раскопках могилы замученных детей



​

Among the killed children were some tuberculosis bones and remains of those who were suffering from mental retardation.


Declassified documents - acts of the Extraordinary State Commission for the Investigation of Fascist Atrocities in the Soviet Union (ChGK), dated in the spring of 1943, after the liberation of Yeysk. According to the acts of the ChGK, when examining the exhumed corpses of children in Yeysk on the bodies there were no traces of gunshot or stab wounds. The ChGK experts - two military doctors and an assistant prosecutor of the Krasnodar Territory - made a preliminary conclusion: the Nazis buried their children alive, and some children might suffocate along the way. The exact method of killing children was not previously known to historians due to the fact that the ChGK acts were classified.





Description identical to the appearance of a gazenvagen truck. The witnesses of the occupation later stated to the ChGK, by the time 10 “Sonderkommando” were unloaded children to the mass graves they did not cry or scream. During the exhumation of the body of one girl the experts noticed that the victim was clamped her face with a T-shirt. This is a characteristic gesture of a person saving himself from poisoning with a deadly gas. The “Death Machine” were working for about some 10-15 minutes. The investigation concluded that by the time of unloading and burial allthe children they had already been euthanized. The most likely by the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe was brought into the gas chamber were the children were.


In August 1943 some more children’s bodies were exhumed from a hole in the city park of Yeysk. In a pit by 3 × 2 meters in size were 15 wooden coffins with 27 corpses. In 12 coffins there were two or three children bodies in each coffin.

The ChGK experts:
“Most of the bodies are of improper physique. Two have humps in the chest of the spine. 11 - deformation of the joints of the limbs. One prosthesis has a prosthesis on his left leg, ”

Among the dead children were several Crimean Germans, Volksdeutsche, according to Nazi terminology. The rest children were Russians, Ukrainians, Czechs, Georgians, Armenians, Tatars, Jews and representatives of other nationalities.

The mass killing of children in Yeysk was carried out by the SS 10 “Sonderkommando”, belonging to the 296th Waffen-SS division, assigned to the 17th Wehrmacht army under the command of Lieutenant General Richard Ruof.
The command staff of the Sonderkommando were Germans included SS officers and non-commissioned officers. The executions were attended by SS doctors Hertz and Schuster.
Some of the private of 10 “Sonderkommando”, were recruited from the local residents.


The published evidence of Nazi atrocities in the Kuban give the Investigative Committee of Russia rights to search and bring to trial survivors of the murder of children in Yeysk.

sourse of information:

• 
  [*=left]https://eadaily.com/ru/news/2019/10...acistami-bolnyh-detey-na-kubani-v-dushegubkah
  [*=left]https://pikabu.ru/story/v_eyske_v_o...ubili_214_vospitannikov_detskogo_doma_6687494
  [*=left]https://vz.ru/opinions/2018/10/10/945485.html
  [*=left]https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=242&v=4asYIm7FCS8
  [*=left]https://yadocent.livejournal.com/998196.html

​

So Poppo, can you call those “people” who killed the children - the adventures.

Hi Tank,
Your reference to Chiang Weigo is interesting. From my understanding, he was the adopted son of Chiang Kai Shek, sent to study military tactics in Germany, but left before the start of WWII. He was not involved in any invasion of Russia.
He also did not join the SS.
He fought against Communist China and achieved high rank in the ROC (Taiwan).
If so, then your facts about him are completely wrong.

https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Chiang_Wei-kuo#/Gallery
https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Chiang_Wei-kuo

Rgds Victor

blaster said:

Hi Tank,
Your reference to Chiang Weigo is interesting. From my understanding, he was the adopted son of Chiang Kai Shek, sent to study military tactics in Germany, but left before the start of WWII. He was not involved in any invasion of Russia.
He also did not join the SS.
He fought against Communist China and achieved high rank in the ROC (Taiwan).
If so, then your facts about him are completely wrong.

https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Chiang_Wei-kuo#/Gallery
https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Chiang_Wei-kuo

Rgds Victor

Click to expand...

Hi Victor.

I’m confused...
Did you actually real the article I posted?

Could you please show me were I stated that Chiang Weigo ( Chiang Wei-kuo ) was involved in any invasion of Russia and where I said that Chiang Weigo (Jiǎng Wěiguó ) joined the SS.

Cheers.
Serge.

​

Chiang Wei-kuo (Chiang Weigo )​

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Wei-kuo

In the Wehrmacht

With his sibling Chiang Ching-kuo being held as a virtual political hostage in the Soviet Union by Joseph Stalin having previously been a student studying in Moscow, Chiang sent Wei-kuo to Nazi Germany for a military education at the Kriegsschule in Munich. Here, he would learn the most up to date German military tactical doctrines, organization, and use of weaponry on the modern battlefield such as the German-inspired theory of the Maschinengewehr (Medium machine gun, at this time, the MG-34) led squad, incorporation of Air and Armored branches into infantry attack, etc. After completing this training, Wei-kuo completed specialized Alpine warfare training, thus earning him the coveted Gebirgsjäger (The elite Wehrmacht Mountain Troop) Edelweiss sleeve insignia. This was not an easy accomplishment, as part of the training selection included carrying 30 kilos of rucksack through the Bavarian Alps. Wei-kuo was promoted to Fahnenjunker, or Officer Candidate, and was evidently a fine marksman, as his pictures depict him wearing the Schützenschnur lanyard.
Wei-kuo commanded a Panzer unit during the 1938 Austrian Anschluss as a Fähnrich, or sergeant officer-candidate,[SUP][7][/SUP] leading a tank into that country; subsequently, he was promoted to Lieutenant of a Panzer unit awaiting to be sent into Poland. Before he was given the mobilization order, he was recalled to China.

​

So Poppo, can you call those “people” who killed the children - the adventures.








First of all, I said that the foreign waffen ss volunteers enlisted for many different reasons, and some, yes, as you also wrote were "adventurers" looking for strong emotions, as well as those who enlisted in the french foreign legion.

Second, you assume that all the foreign waffen ss volunteers were criminals, this is wrong. For example, the waffen ss" Nordland" fighting on the group of armies north in Leningrad and after in the baltic countreis didn't commint war crimes. But this is not important as we can't deny that the waffen ss committed war crimes.And of course the eninsatz gruppen hunting the jews were among the worst criminals who were on this planet.
The question, is that the red army, committed even more war crimes and crimes against the civilians, included, children, women than the germans...It is rather funny, you wish to prove that the german army was a bunch of criminals and the red army was made of brave and intact persons. Honestly, the sovietic evidence of that children murders don't really convince me. It maybe be true, but the soviets lied so systematically, that I have doubts about this. They lied for example about the Katyn murders of polish officers, that they put on the nazi responsibility, while it was the NKVD( the russian gestapo), who did that. And ONLY in the 90 Russia ammitted that crime!{sm4}

The germans in Russia starved systematically the population, stealing their food, supplies to feed the troops; they burned some villages when suspected of partisan activities and executed people suspect of being partisans; the infamous einsatz gruppen hunted and killed all the jews. The germans executed most of the soviet political commissars , NKVD taken prisoners. They treated in an awful way the sovietic prisoners of war, who were starved and often killed. So, I am surely not acquiting the german army in Russia.

But , even the germans couldn't reach the brutality and the inhumanity of the soviets. Not only against the german and volksdeutche pupulation, but also against the baltics, polish, moldovans and in any land they entered: They brutally raped to death any woman from 11 to 70 years old to death systematically, and if a relative opposed, he was shot immediately. All the german civilians were brutalized, stolen, raped, deported in Siberia systematically. What is worst is that the sovietic propaganda encouraged their soldiers to commit such horrors against the civilians, and the sovietic officers considered this as a natural fact.

On the other hand, crimes against the civilians were punished in the wehrmacht and even in the waffen ss( apart limited units like "Dirlewangen" who was accused and deprecated by the same ss coleagues!). Of course, the soviets won, and no sovietic criminals, only heros!{sm4}


Concerning the muslim ss, I was wrong to say that the writer said Hiter didn't trust them, in fact, me and the writer agree that Hitler trusted the muslims( getting wrong again).



I sopke of the present times because you said that the russian even today fear the foreigners.

Desertkiwi said:

Tank mate, I'm currently working with a very cool bloke who was living near Cherbonyl during its historic melt down. He managed to escape the fall-out and eventually ended up living in NZ. What are you're thoughts about this incident and all the Russian military members who gave their lives to protect their countryman during this crisis?

Click to expand...

tank said:

Deadly feat of Chernobyl divers.

Two engineers and shift supervisor A. Ananenko, B. Baranov and V. Bespalov volunteered to go down to the reactor and to do everything possible to drain the water.

Heroes went down to the radioactive pool. They made their way in almost complete darkness. Volunteers were able to achieve the goal, opened the valves and the water began to decline rapidly. When the men rose to the surface, they were greeted as heroes. So they were. After all, the second explosion did not sound and millions of lives were saved.

Nothing and no one could help the rescuers and within a few weeks, all three died.
They were buried in special coffins of lead.

Click to expand...

Toddy:

According to Brian Hanley, Ph.D from University of California, Davis, Alexei Ananenko is still working in the nuclear industry. He dislikes the sensationalism attached to himself. Valeri Bezpalov is alive and living in Russia. Boris Baranov died of heart failure in 2005.

None of them had any mutations passed on to children.

Other sources verify these same facts.

-Jason

Panzer ace said:

Toddy:

According to Brian Hanley, Ph.D from University of California, Davis, Alexei Ananenko is still working in the nuclear industry. He dislikes the sensationalism attached to himself. Valeri Bezpalov is alive and living in Russia. Boris Baranov died of heart failure in 2005.

None of them had any mutations passed on to children.

Other sources verify these same facts.

-Jason

Click to expand...

Thanks Jason.

I wasn’t aware that two of them are alive.


https://en.topwar.ru/137926-kak-horonili-spasshih-evropu-chernobylskih-dayverov.html

Unlike the firefighters who extinguished Chernobyl, A. Ananenko, B. Baranov and V. Bespalov were not aware of what was happening, that they were working in conditions of receiving lethal doses of radiation, these people knew exactly what was happening at the station. And how it can end.

However, let's go.

Boris Aleksandrovich Baranov, shift supervisor at the Chernobyl station.

11.11.1940 - 06.04.2005.

The only one who at the moment really died. And it is listed in the Book of Memory of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, who wishes, can be convinced of this.

Chernobyl Memory Book

Valery Bespalov, senior engineer of the turbine shop unit number two (right).

Alexei Mikhailovich Ananenko, Senior Mechanical Engineer of the reactor shop number two.

The roles are as follows: Alexey Ananenko knows the places of the valves and will take over one, Valery Bespalova will show the second. Boris Baranov will help them with the light and will come to the rescue if someone has a valve jammed.

All three of them dressed in wetsuits and began to descend into the black sub-reactor rooms, then went along the corridor to the pool-bubbler.

There was water in the corridor, but there was no need to swim. Fire engine pumps have significantly reduced the water level in sub-reactor rooms. According to the recollections of the participants, the water was knee-high.

The valves were found, opened, the water left the pool, and the threat of a thermal explosion was eliminated. "Divers" successfully returned.

Then the fun began.

Then for some reason everyone who wrote about this feat ... buried the heroes!

Usually the completion of all the stories looked like this:

“The group successfully completed the assignment and returned, as it seemed, completely unharmed, having even managed to give several interviews to the media, but the invisible enemy was already doing his job ...
... Alexey and Valery died in 10 days in a Moscow hospital. Boris lived a little longer. ”

Like this. Meanwhile, none of the three “divers” received a lethal dose of radiation. These were professionals from among the station workers, therefore, going on a mission, they had IR-50 radiometers, one pair per person, and Baranov took DP-5 with him.

That is why they were able to go through the "marked" with radiation sites and go back.

Why it was necessary to bury them is not entirely clear, to be honest. And the story of the heroically death-giving engineers replicating and retelling until now.

And it never occurred to anyone to find out, is it true everything told? Not true. But why spoil such a beautiful fairy tale? It is easier to add the horrors of a possible detonation from the thermal explosion of the three remaining power units and the complete Krantesu throughout Europe.

In fact, the Chernobyl nuclear power plant engineers who know and understand the situation have clearly fulfilled the task of preventing a thermal explosion.

As far as was known, everyone was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, and in 2008, the President of Ukraine awarded Ananenko and Bespalov with an order for personal courage.

Alexey Mikhailovich Ananenko left the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and worked in the State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate of Ukraine. In our time, an employee of the Ukrainian Nuclear Forum.

Bespalov and Baranov did not leave the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, according to Ukrainian sources, Bespalov still works there.

It is difficult to find exactly, there are almost no photos. But here, mainly, the Book of Memory of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant testifies. Alive.

So God bless Alexei Ananenko and Valery Bespalov, eternal memory of Boris Baranov. And our gratitude: a big deal did the men.

Long live will still be, probably. Once buried so many times ...

Poppo said:

First of all, I said that the foreign waffen ss volunteers enlisted for many different reasons, and some, yes, as you also wrote were "adventurers" looking for strong emotions, as well as those who enlisted in the french foreign legion.

Second, you assume that all the foreign waffen ss volunteers were criminals, this is wrong. For example, the waffen ss" Nordland" fighting on the group of armies north in Leningrad and after in the baltic countreis didn't commint war crimes. But this is not important as we can't deny that the waffen ss committed war crimes.And of course the eninsatz gruppen hunting the jews were among the worst criminals who were on this planet.

Click to expand...

.

Here we having your words clashing with the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal statement.

Are you saying that the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal is wrong?

Fascinated {sm2}


The crime of the SS organization was generally recognized by the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal.

The Tribunal ruled that: “the SS was used for the purposes that are criminal under the Charter of the Tribunal.
The SS organization activity included the persecution and extermination of Jews, atrocities and murders in concentration camps, the slave labor program, the cruel treatment of prisoners of war and their killing. "
The Tribunal here includes all persons who have been officially accepted as members of the SS units, including members of the “general SS”, and members of any kind of police services that were members of the SS ...
”The Tribunal declares that any group, consisting of persons who were officially accepted as members of the SS or were members of this organization or remained SS members,
knowing that this organization is used to carry out criminal actions determined by criminal law in accordance with Article 6 of the Charter of the Tribunal. The criminal activity was widely known to the members of the SS organization in order to justify the recognition of the SS as a criminal organization.
"Moreover, the Tribunal found that
“it appears from Article 10 of the Charter of the Tribunal that the decision to criminalize the accused organization is final and cannot be challenged at any subsequent trial in the case of individual members of organizations.”


Here is the full list of Waffen-SS divisions:


SS 1st Division “Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler”
2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich (previously SS Division Verf¼gungstruppe, SS Division Deutschland, SS Division Reich; later SS Panzergrenadier Division Das Reich, 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich)
3rd SS Panzer Division Totenkopf (later SS Panzergrenadier Division Totenkopf, 3rd SS Panzer Division Totenkopf)
4th SS Panzer Grenadier Division
5th SS Viking Panzer Division (previously SS Division Germania; later SS Panzergrenadier Division Wiking, 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking)
6th SS Mountain Division “Nord”
7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division “Prince Eugen”
8th Cavalry Division SS Florian Gayer
9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen
10th SS Panzer Division Frundsberg
11th SS Volunteer Tank Grenadier Division “Nordland"
12th SS Panzer Division "Hitler Youth"
13th SS Mountain Division “Khanjar” (Croatian Nr. 1)
14th SS Grenadier Division (Galician No. 1) (unofficially known as “Galicia” (German: “Galizien”))
15th SS Grenadier Division (Latvian Nr. 1)
16th SS Panzer Grenadier Division Reichsf¼hrer SS
17th SS Panzer Grenadier Division Goetz von Berlihingen
18th SS Volunteer Tank Grenadier Division Horst Wessel
19th SS Grenadier Division (Latvian Nr. 2)
SS 20th Grenadier Division (Estonian No. 1)
21st SS Mountain Division Skanderbeg
22nd SS Volunteer Cavalry Division Maria Theresa
23rd SS SS Kama Mountain Division (Croatian Nr. 2)
SS 23rd Volunteer Tank and Grenadier Division Nederland (Dutch Nr. 1) (created after the disbandment of the 23rd SS Kama Mountain Division and inherited its number)
24th SS Mountain (Cave) Division
24th Mountain Division of the SS Karsteger
SS 25th Grenadier Division “Hunyadi” (Hungarian Nr. 1)
26th SS Grenadier Division (Hungarian Nr. 2)
27th SS Volunteer Grenadier Division “Langemark” (Flemish Nr. 1)
28th SS Panzer Grenadier Division “Wallonia” (Walloon No. 1)
The 29th Grenadier Division of the SS "Italy" (Italian No. 1)
SS 29th Grenadier Division (Russian No. 1), later RONA
30th SS Grenadier Division (Belarusian Nr. 2)
30th SS Grenadier Division (Russian Nr. 2)
The 31st SS Volunteer Grenadier Division, sometimes called Bohemia-Moravia (German: B¶hmen-M¤hren) or Bachka.
32nd SS Volunteer Grenadier Division January 30
33rd SS Cavalry Division (Hungarian Nr. 3)
The 33rd SS Grenadier Division Charlemagne (French No. 1) received a number after the almost complete destruction of the 3rd Hungarian in battle.
34th Volunteer Grenadier Brigade "Landstorm Nederland" (Dutch Nr. 1)
35th SS Police Grenadier Division
36th Grenadier Division SS Dirlewanger
37th SS Lutzof Volunteer Cavalry Division
38th SS Grenadier Division Nibelungen
Also the Kempf Tank Division is German. Kempf, interim infantry and Waffen-SS combat unit.

tank said:

- just to take part in the “struggle against Bolshevism”.

Click to expand...

The European nations participated in hostilities against the USSR on the German side.

It is believed that on June 22, 1941 the Germany attacked the Soviet Union.
In fact there were several countries who started the war against the USSR.

Among them:
Romania - about 200 thousand soldiers, Slovakia - 90 thousand soldiers, Finland - about 450 thousand soldiers and officers, Hungary - about 500 thousand people, Italy - 200 thousand people, Croatia as part of the security division

These are only those countries that officially declared war on the Soviet Union.

According to various sources, from one and a half to two and a half million of European volunteers took part in this “crusade” against the USSR.
There were representatives of: Holland, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Sweden, Finland, France, Switzerland, Spain, Luxembourg.


The famous American historian George G. Stein in his book “Waffen SS” describes the national composition of these units: “Dutch - 50 thousand people, Belgians - 20 thousand people, French - 20 thousand people, Danes and Norwegians - 6 thousand people, 1200 each people from Sweden, Luxembourg, Switzerland, and other European countries. One of the best divisions of the Reich — the Viking — consisted of the European SS volunteers.



SS Volunteers from Central and Eastern Europe:


Russians: 50 thousand, Latvians: 35 thousand, Ukrainians: 30 thousand, Estonians: 20 thousand, Croats and Bosnians: 20 thousand, Serbs: 15 thousand, Belarusians: 12 thousand, Turks: 8 thousand, Romanians: 5 thousand, Albanians: 3 thousands, Bulgarians: 1 thousand, Finns: 1 thousand.


SS Volunteers from Western Europe

Dutch: 50 thousand, Flemings: 23 thousand, Italians: 20 thousand, Walloons: 15 thousand, Danes: 11 thousand, French: 8 thousand, Norwegians: 6 thousand,
Spaniards, Swiss, Swedes, Luxembourgers, British: 4 thousand.


One of the first attempts to assess the motives for the citizens of the occupied country to go over to the side of Nazi Germany during the war can be considered the opinion of General Ralph von Heigendorf.
He was one of the leaders of the East Legions of the Wehrmacht. "It is clear that the main motive for the transition to the Germans was not idealism, but materialism."


Do you still think there weren’t any reasons for Russians to see enemies all around?


Please note: there was no mention about the Operation Unthinkable yet.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Unthinkable

Can any one of you provide an instance of any Russian hostility action against the Allies.

Tank asked

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Unthinkable

Can any one of you provide an instance of any Russian hostility action against the Allies.


Easy dear friend
Just follow the link you gave and see by yourself on the map on the right; and admire the amount of red army forces massed at the borders; I guess Winston just made plan in case of ....
Forget the dialectic and just try to think for once .

One short story told many times in free Europe in the 60ies 70ies
Why are the URSS soldiers always going by tree
One can read, one can write ant the third one is there to survey those 2 intelectuals imperialists revisionists
Why did we think so ? Easy, when you entered Poland with Hitler you killed in cold blood more than 10.000 peoples in Katyn because they were or officers or teachers or thinkers, in short : intelectuals .
But again the Russian peoples just obeyed the orders, they just lived in 1937-1938, the big Stalin Purge, just following all the previous ones, allas incomplete statistics you can count them per millions , killing first lot of Russian officers
Allas for millions of peoples all across Europe they were at the same time 2 bloodthirsty dictators; Hitler and Staline both believing they were acting for the good of their own peoples .

Best

tank said:

The European nations participated in hostilities against the USSR on the German side.

It is believed that on June 22, 1941 the Germany attacked the Soviet Union.
In fact there were several countries who started the war against the USSR.

Among them:
Romania - about 200 thousand soldiers, Slovakia - 90 thousand soldiers, Finland - about 450 thousand soldiers and officers, Hungary - about 500 thousand people, Italy - 200 thousand people, Croatia as part of the security division

These are only those countries that officially declared war on the Soviet Union.

According to various sources, from one and a half to two and a half million of European volunteers took part in this “crusade” against the USSR.
There were representatives of: Holland, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Sweden, Finland, France, Switzerland, Spain, Luxembourg.


The famous American historian George G. Stein in his book “Waffen SS” describes the national composition of these units: “Dutch - 50 thousand people, Belgians - 20 thousand people, French - 20 thousand people, Danes and Norwegians - 6 thousand people, 1200 each people from Sweden, Luxembourg, Switzerland, and other European countries. One of the best divisions of the Reich — the Viking — consisted of the European SS volunteers.



SS Volunteers from Central and Eastern Europe:


Russians: 50 thousand, Latvians: 35 thousand, Ukrainians: 30 thousand, Estonians: 20 thousand, Croats and Bosnians: 20 thousand, Serbs: 15 thousand, Belarusians: 12 thousand, Turks: 8 thousand, Romanians: 5 thousand, Albanians: 3 thousands, Bulgarians: 1 thousand, Finns: 1 thousand.


SS Volunteers from Western Europe

Dutch: 50 thousand, Flemings: 23 thousand, Italians: 20 thousand, Walloons: 15 thousand, Danes: 11 thousand, French: 8 thousand, Norwegians: 6 thousand,
Spaniards, Swiss, Swedes, Luxembourgers, British: 4 thousand.


One of the first attempts to assess the motives for the citizens of the occupied country to go over to the side of Nazi Germany during the war can be considered the opinion of General Ralph von Heigendorf.
He was one of the leaders of the East Legions of the Wehrmacht. "It is clear that the main motive for the transition to the Germans was not idealism, but materialism."


Do you still think there weren’t any reasons for Russians to see enemies all around?


Please note: there was no mention about the Operation Unthinkable yet.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Unthinkable

Can any one of you provide an instance of any Russian hostility action against the Allies.

Click to expand...

With people entangled in one ideology, deformating the reality according to that ideolgy, there is no possible argument that can change their mind....Bye.

Mirof said:

One short story told many times in free Europe in the 60ies 70ies
Why are the URSS soldiers always going by tree
One can read, one can write ant the third one is there to survey those 2 intelectuals imperialists revisionists
Why did we think so ? Easy, when you entered Poland with Hitler you killed in cold blood more than 10.000 peoples in Katyn because they were or officers or teachers or thinkers, in short : intelectuals .

Click to expand...

“when you entered Poland with Hitler you killed in cold blood more than 10.000 peoples in Katyn” {bravo}}

Just to make it clear I never met Hitler in person and I never had been in Poland and of course I did not killed in cold blood more than 10.000 peoples in Katyn. :salute::




Now lets get serious.


Katyn: the lies and truth of the past war


The question of the fate of Polish prisoners of war who found themselves in the Soviet Union in 1939 as a result of the defeat of Poland in the “September” war with Germany is currently one of the most falsified.

We are talking about the so-called “Katyn case” - about the execution of Polish prisoners of war, including officers, by the German occupation authorities at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War near Smolensk.
This isa typical example of falsification of the history of the Second World War and at the same time one of the most acute “points of political confrontation” in modern world.

On September 17, 1939, according to various estimates, about 120-125 thousand Poles were interned (namely, interned, but not captured) by Soviet troops in the territory of Western Ukraine and Western Belarus.
The Polish residents of the western regions of Belarus and Ukraine (mainly private and sergeant staff) were released immediately at the places of the destination.
That is why it is not possible to know the exact number of Polish soldiers who found themselves in the USSR.

From a legal point of view, interned Poles became prisoners of war after the Polish emigrant government in the autumn of the same 1939 “declared war on the USSR” (for transferring the Vilnius region to Lithuania in October 1939.


In accordance with the Soviet-German agreement on the exchange of prisoners of war the 42.5 thousand Polish people were transferred from USSR to the Germans (natives of Poland territory which went to Germany) in October and November 1939.
The 24.7 thousand Polish native of the Polish territory that was went to the Soviet Union were received from the Germans. The vast majority of which was also immediately liberated (see: VIZH. No. 6. 1990. P. 52-53).

Using simple arithmetic calculations, we can quite confidently say that by December 1939 USSR had no more than 23-25 ​​thousand Polish prisoners of war including about 10 thousand officers. In 1940 they were joined by some 3300 Polish soldiers more from the territories added to the USSR.

It should be emphasized that the presently presented by Poland the figure is 25 thousand people allegedly “destroyed by Stalin” - is absurd and unrealistic”.
It’s unrealistic because:
1. In the total strength of General Anders’ army amounted to 75.5 thousand people there were over 50% of former Polish prisoners of war.
2. Formed in 1943, the 1st Polish division named after T. Kostyushko (later the First Polish Corps of the Polish Army) under the command of General Burling had 78 thousand people, which also included a significant number of former prisoners of war, including at least several hundred officers.

Some inaccuracies in numbers are inevitable, but they can’t refute the fact that the majority of Polish prisoners of war who were in the USSR in 1939-1941 were alive by the beginning of the 1941 and the Polish prisoners of war made up the personnel base of the army of General Anders formed in USSR (we repeat, not less than 50%).

Otherwise, there would simply no one to fight in the Pollish army.

Already this alone deprives any basis of the assertion that Russians even shot 14.5 thousand, not to mention the figure of 25 thousand "killed by the NKVD" prisoners of war, which was mentioned.



Here are the main documented facts and evidence which including “material evidence” directly indicating that the German occupation authorities were involved in the execution of Polish officers after the occupation of the Smolensk and Smolensk region by Wehrmacht in the fall of 1941.

1. German-made shell of 6.35 and 7.65 mm caliber (made by GECO / GECO and RWS) were found on the site of the shooting. That indicate that the Poles were killed with the German pistols since weapons of such calibers were not in the arsenal of Russian army and the NKVD.
The Polish attempt to “prove” the purchase of such pistols in Germany specifically for the shooting of the Poles officers were unsuccessful since there is no documentary evidence of that.
The NKVD execution always were carried out with standard weapons such as the Nagans and only NKVD officers had TT pistols, both 7.62 mm caliber.

2. The hands of some of the executed officers were tied with paper twine, which was not produced in the USSR. That’s clearly indicates on their foreign origin.

3. The absence in the archives of any documents on the enforcement of the sentence ( a court sentence and not a “decision of the Politburo of the Central Committee”, which made political decisions only ).
There’s exist a detailed documented description of the process of transporting (delivering) prisoners of war Poles to the NKVD camp in the Smolensk region (documents were handed over to the Polish side in the early 1990s).
This is a real confirmation that the Soviet government had nothing to hide.

4. Documents found on parts of the Poles corpses executed in Katyn.
The documents were found by the Germans during the exhumation in February-May 1943, and by USSR “Burdenko Commission” in 1944 — in particular there were passports, officer IDs and other identification documents. For any investigator it would definitely testify that there wasn’t any USSR involvement in the execution.

Firstly, because the NKVD would never have left such documentary evidence ( as the newspapers of “precisely the spring” of 1940 “found “By the Germans in the graves).
Secondly, because if the documents had been left for some reason, all those who had been shot would have them and not only the “chosen” contingent ( of the 4,123 bodies exhumed by the Germans, the documents were with only 2,730 corps).

5. Confirmed evidence of the presence of captured Polish officers near Smolensk in the second half of 1940 - 1941 by numerous testimonies from local Russians and Polish.

6. Finally, the lack of a real “technical” ability of NKVD to “quietly” shoot several thousand people there in 1940.
The Kozi Gora, where the mass shooting occurred, located near the Gnezdovo railway station. It was a favorite vacation spot for the townspeople and the area where the kids camps were located before the war (17 km from Smolensk).
There was a NKVD cottage located just 700 meters away from the busy Vitebsk highway with a regular bus route. (the graves themselves were only 200 meters away from the highway).
The NKVD cottage was burned by the Germans during the retreat in 1943.

What is fundamentally important: the place was never closed for public to visiting the area until 1941, when the Germans had surrounded it with barbed wire and set up armed guards.

7. It should also be noted that there was never a mass execution of foreign prisoners of war in the USSR (excluding individually convicted under the criminal law ).


https://www.politpros.com/journal/read/?ID=996&journal=96

https://en.topwar.ru/130802-moskve-pora-vspomnit-o-sobstvennom-krovavom-schete-k-varshave.html

Poppo said:

With people entangled in one ideology, deformating the reality according to that ideolgy, there is no possible argument that can change their mind....Bye.

Click to expand...

Poppo said:

But , even the germans couldn't reach the brutality and the inhumanity of the soviets. Not only against the german and volksdeutche pupulation, but also against the baltics, polish, moldovans and in any land they entered: They brutally raped to death any woman from 11 to 70 years old to death systematically, and if a relative opposed, he was shot immediately. All the german civilians were brutalized, stolen, raped, deported in Siberia systematically. What is worst is that the sovietic propaganda encouraged their soldiers to commit such horrors against the civilians, and the sovietic officers considered this as a natural fact.

On the other hand, crimes against the civilians were punished in the wehrmacht and even in the waffen ss( apart limited units like "Dirlewangen" who was accused and deprecated by the same ss coleagues!). Of course, the soviets won, and no sovietic criminals, only heros!{sm4}

Click to expand...

This is a serios statement.

Sure it wouldn’t be difficult for you to provide the proove of the brutality and the inhumanity of the soviets.

Please note: if you would not do that I will consider you a Chatterbox.

And for now please read this.



Crimes of German-Romanian troops during the temporary occupation of Crimea 1941-1944

Summary. On the basis of archival materials and eyewitness accounts the article tells of the crimes of the German-Romanian troops, their attitude towards the local population and Soviet prisoners of war, as well as the damage to industry of the Peninsula and personal property of citizens during temporary occupation of the Crimea during the Great Patriotic War.


Information about the authors: Guzhva Gennady Aleksandrovich - Associate Professor of the Department of Humanitarian and Social and Economic Disciplines of the Crimean Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Colonel Reserve, Candidate of Philosophy, Associate Professor (Simferopol. E-mail: docentrgup@mail.ru);


Guzhva Dmitry Gennadievich - head of department of the Research Institute (Military History) of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, lieutenant colonel, candidate of historical sciences (Moscow. E-mail: guchva@list.ru).


On July 16, 1941, at a meeting at headquarters, A. Hitler stated that “Crimea should be freed from all strangers and settled by Germans ...” 2. In this territory, the Fuhrer intended to create a new imperial Gothenland region, rename Simferopol into Gottsburg 3, and at the end of the war (late autumn 1941) turn Crimea into one of the areas of German colonization4, a kind of “German Riviera” where it was planned to resettle the inhabitants of South Tyrol5.

According to Soviet statistics, as of January 1, 1941, the Crimean population was 1,169,000, of which 622,000 lived in cities and 574,000 in rural areas6.
During the occupation of Crimea by German-Romanian troops, most industrial and civilian facilities were barbarously destroyed. But most importantly, the invaders pursued a policy of complete genocide of civilians on the peninsula, including women, the elderly and children. People were shot, drowned in the sea, killed in gas chambers, dumped alive in wells. Similar mass atrocities were committed in Sevastopol, Simferopol, Kerch, Yevpatoriya, Feodosiya, and other settlements of Crimea9. So, in Simferopol during the occupation, 22,828 civilians and Soviet prisoners of war were shot, tortured, or driven into slavery, in Sevastopol - 69,866 people, in Yalta - 11,707, in Kerch - 43,429, Yevpatoria - 12,598, Feodosia - 11 300 people, etc. 10

The state farm "Red" in Simferopol was turned into a death camp, in which thousands of prisoners languished. There were shootings daily. There have been cases when people were thrown alive into wells or doused with kerosene and burned. According to official figures, more than 8 thousand civilians were killed here. In Kerch, more than 11,600 children, old people and women were shot, strangled with gases and poisoned. 11 In the fall of 1943, in the Adzhimushkay quarries, the Nazis shot more than 14 thousand civilians from Novorossiysk and Taman villages who refused to go to German slavery 12.

In the Stary Krym city, the Nazis brutally tortured more than 580 old people, women and children on the night of April 12 to 13, 1944. The Nazis broke into houses, beat people with rifle butts, drove them out into the street and killed using knives, bayonets and other cold steel.
At the same time, tanks moved along the streets and shot cannons and machine guns at civilian homes 14. Entire families were exterminated. Of the total number of deaths some 141 people were shot on the street near their homes and over 100 people were injured 15.

Such a barbaric attitude towards the Crimean population was not only a local initiative, but was dictated by the highest directives of the Reich. So, in a secret order of the German high command of July 25, 1941,“On the attitude towards a hostile population and Russian prisoners of war,”
it was prescribed: “For centuries, the Russian has become accustomed to cruel and ruthless actions of the authorities. The necessary quick reassurance of the country can be achieved only if every threat of a hostile civilian population is mercilessly suppressed ... Every manifestation of leniency and gentleness is a dangerous weakness ... The population is responsible for the calmness of their area without any warning ... Indulgence and even regret for prisoners of war should be punished with the strictest way. A sense of pride and superiority must be constantly felt ... ”16.


In development of this order, in November 1941, the commander of the 11th German Army, E. Manstein, signed a secret circular stating that “a significant part of the population of enemy cities will have to starve, therefore, based on a false concept of humanity, it should not be distributed to prisoners and the population, since they do not serve in the German army, those products that the homeland is deprived of. The soldier must understand the need to brutally punish the Jews, these spiritual bearers of Bolshevik terror, and even in the bud suppress all rebellions, the causative agents of which, in most cases, are Jews. ” 17

In a similar inhuman manner, the invaders treated the captured Red Army men. So, on July 3, 1942, in the building of the former semi-crew of the Black Sea Fleet, the Nazis organized a camp for Soviet prisoners of war ..
According to eyewitnesses, from November 1942 to April 1943 the Germans carried 20-30 prisoners of war every morning from the camp and buried them alive in funnels from air bombs or pits. During excavations on June 21, 1944, 190 such mass graves were discovered. In total, 2020 people were exterminated in this camp18. As a result of violation of elementary standards for the maintenance of patients and wounded from July 1942 to February
1943, 2,500 prisoners of war died in the infirmary at the Sevastopol Prison. For 5-6 days, the Germans did not give them either water or bread, cynically declaring that this was a punishment for the stubborn defense of Sevastopol by the Russians 19.

During the defense of Sevastopol in Inkerman, in the galleries of the champagne wine factory, there was a Soviet military hospital. After the retreat of the Red Army, there left many wounded soldiers and commanders, as well as local residents who were hiding here from the bombing. The advanced units of the German-Romanian troops after the capture of the plant set it on fire. Local residents nearby heard a "heartbreaking screams, cry, cries for help", but could not help, since there were "drunk hordes of German-Romanian barbarians nearby who calmly watched the death of defenseless Soviet people." In total, about 3 thousand women, old people, children and military personnel of the Red Army were killed in the factory 20.

From the beginning in January 1942 the pathologist Ober Arts Dr. Kunter Kot Fried and the surgeon Schulz Oscar performed experiments on local residents.
The doctors did cut out the patients kidneys and muscles on the neck, areas with blood vessels and after that these people were killed 22.

According to confirmed statistics, during the occupation of the peninsula 71,921 civilians, 19,319 Soviet prisoners of war were shot, 18,322 civilians and 25,615 Soviet prisoners of war were tortured. 85,447 people were driven into slavery. In total, during this period in the Crimea 219 625 people were shot, tortured or stolen into slavery 24.


http://history.milportal.ru/prestup...noj-okkupacii-kryma-1941-1944-gg/?print=print

Katyn
https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/Заявление_ТАСС_от_14_апреля_1990_года

https://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/14/world/upheaval-in-the-east-gorbachev-hands-over-katyn-papers.html

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-11845315

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/euro...5315&intlink_ts=1574495123369&story_slot=1-sa

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/euro...5315&intlink_ts=1574495181696&story_slot=1-sa

tank said:

This is a serios statement.

Sure it wouldn’t be difficult for you to provide the proove of the brutality and the inhumanity of the soviets.

Please note: if you would not do that I will consider you a Chatterbox.

And for now please read this.



Crimes of German-Romanian troops during the temporary occupation of Crimea 1941-1944

Summary. On the basis of archival materials and eyewitness accounts the article tells of the crimes of the German-Romanian troops, their attitude towards the local population and Soviet prisoners of war, as well as the damage to industry of the Peninsula and personal property of citizens during temporary occupation of the Crimea during the Great Patriotic War.Information about the authors: Guzhva Gennady Aleksandrovich - Associate Professor of the Department of Humanitarian and Social and Economic Disciplines of the Crimean Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Colonel Reserve, Candidate of Philosophy, Associate Professor (Simferopol. E-mail: docentrgup@mail.ru);


Guzhva Dmitry Gennadievich - head of department of the Research Institute (Military History) of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, lieutenant colonel, candidate of historical sciences (Moscow. E-mail: guchva@list.ru).


On July 16, 1941, at a meeting at headquarters, A. Hitler stated that “Crimea should be freed from all strangers and settled by Germans ...” 2. In this territory, the Fuhrer intended to create a new imperial Gothenland region, rename Simferopol into Gottsburg 3, and at the end of the war (late autumn 1941) turn Crimea into one of the areas of German colonization4, a kind of “German Riviera” where it was planned to resettle the inhabitants of South Tyrol5.

According to Soviet statistics, as of January 1, 1941, the Crimean population was 1,169,000, of which 622,000 lived in cities and 574,000 in rural areas6.
During the occupation of Crimea by German-Romanian troops, most industrial and civilian facilities were barbarously destroyed. But most importantly, the invaders pursued a policy of complete genocide of civilians on the peninsula, including women, the elderly and children. People were shot, drowned in the sea, killed in gas chambers, dumped alive in wells. Similar mass atrocities were committed in Sevastopol, Simferopol, Kerch, Yevpatoriya, Feodosiya, and other settlements of Crimea9. So, in Simferopol during the occupation, 22,828 civilians and Soviet prisoners of war were shot, tortured, or driven into slavery, in Sevastopol - 69,866 people, in Yalta - 11,707, in Kerch - 43,429, Yevpatoria - 12,598, Feodosia - 11 300 people, etc. 10

The state farm "Red" in Simferopol was turned into a death camp, in which thousands of prisoners languished. There were shootings daily. There have been cases when people were thrown alive into wells or doused with kerosene and burned. According to official figures, more than 8 thousand civilians were killed here. In Kerch, more than 11,600 children, old people and women were shot, strangled with gases and poisoned. 11 In the fall of 1943, in the Adzhimushkay quarries, the Nazis shot more than 14 thousand civilians from Novorossiysk and Taman villages who refused to go to German slavery 12.

In the Stary Krym city, the Nazis brutally tortured more than 580 old people, women and children on the night of April 12 to 13, 1944. The Nazis broke into houses, beat people with rifle butts, drove them out into the street and killed using knives, bayonets and other cold steel.
At the same time, tanks moved along the streets and shot cannons and machine guns at civilian homes 14. Entire families were exterminated. Of the total number of deaths some 141 people were shot on the street near their homes and over 100 people were injured 15.

Such a barbaric attitude towards the Crimean population was not only a local initiative, but was dictated by the highest directives of the Reich. So, in a secret order of the German high command of July 25, 1941,“On the attitude towards a hostile population and Russian prisoners of war,”
it was prescribed: “For centuries, the Russian has become accustomed to cruel and ruthless actions of the authorities. The necessary quick reassurance of the country can be achieved only if every threat of a hostile civilian population is mercilessly suppressed ... Every manifestation of leniency and gentleness is a dangerous weakness ... The population is responsible for the calmness of their area without any warning ... Indulgence and even regret for prisoners of war should be punished with the strictest way. A sense of pride and superiority must be constantly felt ... ”16.


In development of this order, in November 1941, the commander of the 11th German Army, E. Manstein, signed a secret circular stating that “a significant part of the population of enemy cities will have to starve, therefore, based on a false concept of humanity, it should not be distributed to prisoners and the population, since they do not serve in the German army, those products that the homeland is deprived of. The soldier must understand the need to brutally punish the Jews, these spiritual bearers of Bolshevik terror, and even in the bud suppress all rebellions, the causative agents of which, in most cases, are Jews. ” 17

In a similar inhuman manner, the invaders treated the captured Red Army men. So, on July 3, 1942, in the building of the former semi-crew of the Black Sea Fleet, the Nazis organized a camp for Soviet prisoners of war ..
According to eyewitnesses, from November 1942 to April 1943 the Germans carried 20-30 prisoners of war every morning from the camp and buried them alive in funnels from air bombs or pits. During excavations on June 21, 1944, 190 such mass graves were discovered. In total, 2020 people were exterminated in this camp18. As a result of violation of elementary standards for the maintenance of patients and wounded from July 1942 to February
1943, 2,500 prisoners of war died in the infirmary at the Sevastopol Prison. For 5-6 days, the Germans did not give them either water or bread, cynically declaring that this was a punishment for the stubborn defense of Sevastopol by the Russians 19.

During the defense of Sevastopol in Inkerman, in the galleries of the champagne wine factory, there was a Soviet military hospital. After the retreat of the Red Army, there left many wounded soldiers and commanders, as well as local residents who were hiding here from the bombing. The advanced units of the German-Romanian troops after the capture of the plant set it on fire. Local residents nearby heard a "heartbreaking screams, cry, cries for help", but could not help, since there were "drunk hordes of German-Romanian barbarians nearby who calmly watched the death of defenseless Soviet people." In total, about 3 thousand women, old people, children and military personnel of the Red Army were killed in the factory 20.

From the beginning in January 1942 the pathologist Ober Arts Dr. Kunter Kot Fried and the surgeon Schulz Oscar performed experiments on local residents.
The doctors did cut out the patients kidneys and muscles on the neck, areas with blood vessels and after that these people were killed 22.

According to confirmed statistics, during the occupation of the peninsula 71,921 civilians, 19,319 Soviet prisoners of war were shot, 18,322 civilians and 25,615 Soviet prisoners of war were tortured. 85,447 people were driven into slavery. In total, during this period in the Crimea 219 625 people were shot, tortured or stolen into slavery 24.


http://history.milportal.ru/prestup...noj-okkupacii-kryma-1941-1944-gg/?print=print

Click to expand...

With Katyn, you show what you are, that is a "denier", exactly like those who deny the Nazi death camps.People like you in Poland are tried for denial.

Even Russia, in the 1990s admitted Katyn's starge, but you are in denial even after the admission of the russian authorities.

People like you claim that the Poles, the Balts, the Czechoslovakians welcomed the Soviets as liberators.They didn't! They perfectly knew they would have and they got a brutal occupation worthy of the Nazi occupation ... Take a trip to Poland, Lituania, Latvia, Estonia, and ask what they think of the regime Soviet. Visit the museums of Soviet occupation, the number of deportees in Siberia, expropriated and brutalized by the Soviets.

I understand that the moderators of this forum have closed your speeches because you are in bad faith, a slave to an identification and an ideology that makes you blind to historical facts.

Regarding the Bagration operation, you are right to claim that it was more deleterious for the Reich than the landing in Normandy, but on the Soviet barbarism you are simply ridiculous.

Stalin killed tens of millions of men,women, children, even the Soviets themselves. Moreover, in your dualistic delirium,you pretend not to understand that I said that in Nazism it was a pure crime against humanity,but that the Soviets have equaled and surpassed it, also because they have had more time, more men available.

Mirof said:

Katyn
The truth was finally acknowledged in 1990, in the dying days of Soviet power,
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-11845315

Click to expand...

.


One of the documents is a 5 March, 1940 letter from the then-head of the Soviet secret police or NKVD, Lavrenty Beria, to Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, recommending the execution of Polish prisoners of war.
Beria refers to them as "steadfast, incorrigible enemies of Soviet power".
"Each of them is just waiting for liberation so as to actively join the struggle against Soviet power," it says.
The letter bears Stalin's signature in blue pencil, with the comment "In favour"
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/europ...tory_slot=1-sa

The state archive shows a March 1940 letter to Stalin from his secret police chief Beria ordering the killings.

Russia's state archive has published formerly top secret Soviet-era documents on the April 1940 Katyn massacre on its website.
They include a key letter to then Soviet leader Joseph Stalin from secret police (NKVD) chief Lavrenty Beria, dated 5 March 1940 and marked "Top Secret".

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8649435.stm

Please note: there is no date 5 March on the Note. The date on the Note is ... March 1940 year.



Here is the official “Closed package of documents on the Katyn case”.

https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/Закрытый_пакет_документов_о_Катынском_деле
Sheets 130-133: Note by the NKVD of the USSR, written no later than March 5, 1940 on Polish prisoners of war, signed by L.P. Beria.

Please note: there is no date 5 March on the Note. The date on the Note is ... March 1940 year.


записка НКВД СССР, написанная не позднее 5 марта 1940 г. о польских военнопленных, подписанная Л. П. Берия.


The book investigation “The Mystery of Katyn, or the Evil Shot in Russia”
https://history.wikireading.ru/410024

by Shved Vladislav Nikolaevich
https://clever-geek.github.io/articles/1099374/index.html

Please note: The website has a limitation on the size of the post. The limit for a post is 10,000 characters
I will try to translate some info about the Note by Beria No. 794/B from this book for you and I hope you would able to make a conclusion about the Katyn Case yourself.


To be continued:

Mirof said:

Katyn
The truth was finally acknowledged in 1990, in the dying days of Soviet power,
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-11845315

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"Random" finds


The “accidental” discovery of “historical documents” in the archives of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the President of Russia is one of the secrets of the Katyn case. The circumstances of their location raise many questions. In this regard, the misadventures of the Katyn documents from the “closed package” need to be discussed in more detail.


They began under Gorbachev, who, in his book Life and Reform, claims that he examined the papers on the Katyn case from two sealed packages in April 1989, a few days before the visit of the Polish leader V. Jaruzelski to Moscow, and “in both there was documentation confirming the version of the commission of academician Burdenko. It was a set of disparate materials, and all under the same version ”(“ Life and Reform. ”Book 2, p. 348).


However, it must be borne in mind that after the election of M. S. Gorbachev to the post of General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee in March 1985, the then head of the general department of the CPSU Central Committee A. I. Lukyanov personally brought him “closed package No. 1”. But Gorbachev is silent about this and is trying to convince everyone that he only knew about the Katyn documents in 1989. However, there is no doubt that Lukyanov could not violate the procedure established by the CPSU Central Committee for familiarizing the newly elected General Secretary with documents from " A special folder. "

This, in particular, confirms the following fact. On July 11, 1986, when the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU was considering the question “On the participation of the delegation (headed by the Secretary General of the Central Committee of the CPSU) in the work of the PUWP congress,” Gorbachev said that “... we will have to deal with Katyn” (A. Chernyaev, Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU) . This was said without comment, which indicates a good knowledge of the Katyn problem by Gorbachev. It is now known that the then Polish leader, General V. Jaruzelski, at every meeting with Gorbachev very toughly raised the issue of solving the Katyn crime.


Nevertheless, Gorbachev claims that he first saw Katyn papers only in April 1989, and then there was no decision in the packets of the Politburo of the CPSU (B.), There were no letters from Beria and Shelepin. Where were they? What two packages did Gorbachev meet in 1989 if their contents were fundamentally different from the contents of the two packages opened in May and September 1992? Probably, Mikhail Sergeyevich once again lied.



The riddle of Beria’s notes


Note by Beria No. 794 / B from "..." March 1940 to "Comrade Stalin. On the special consideration of cases of prisoners of war ”with a proposal to shoot 25,700 prisoners of war and arrested Poles is one of the key Katyn documents. Like the whole action with the shooting of the Poles, it was prepared in an atmosphere of utter secrecy and strict control.


But for unknown reasons, only March 1940 without a specific day was indicated on the note as an outgoing date. The situation with the date is somewhat scandalous.
Professor F. M. Rudinsky, who represented the CPSU in the Constitutional Court, writes that the note submitted by S. Shakhrai and A. Makarov to the Constitutional Court was dated March 5, 1940.


On this occasion, MP Yu. M. Slobodkin noted that “Beria’s note was dated March 5 and it was stated that the Politburo’s meeting was held on March 5, but practically this never happened” (Rudinsky. “Case of the CPSU” in the Constitutional Court. P. 316– 317). Subsequently, according to Slobodkin, Beria’s note suddenly appeared without a date.


Most likely, Slobodkin considered the outgoing date of the note to be the date of its registration with the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, located under the heading “Sov. secretly. "


The dating of Beria’s note “no later than March 3, 1940” was carried out by the Russian historian Natalya Lebedeva, based on the statistics contained in the text of the letter on the number of POW prisoners of war in the NKVD special camps. However, this dating is not accurate.

At present, the authors have proved that “Beria’s note No. 794 / B” should be dated February 29, 1940. The previous and subsequent letters following the letter “No. 794 / B” were sent from the NKVD secretariat in February 1940. In 2004 in the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI) in the working materials of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, a letter was revealed by L.P. Beria with outgoing number “No. 793 / B” dated February 29, 1940 (RGASPI, f. 17, op. 166, d.621, pp. 86–90).


Two subsequent letters - “No. 795 / B” to “Comrade Stalin. The progress of the work of well-known aircraft designers for the construction of aircraft ”and“ No. 796 / B ”was also registered with the Secretariat of the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR on February 29, 1940. This was reported in answers No. 10 / A-1804 of December 31, 2005 and Yu / A- 120 dated January 19, 2006 signed by the Head of the Registration and Archival Funds Directorate of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, Major General V. S. Khristoforov, at the request of State Duma deputy Andrei Savelyev.


Naturally, Beria's note with outgoing number 794 / B could only be signed and registered with the secretariat of the NKVD of the USSR on February 29, 1940. However, it does contain updated statistics on the number of prisoners of war officers in special camps of the NKVD (Prisoners of War Prisoners) of the NKVD Moscow - attention! - on the night of March 2 to 3, and were issued by the head of the NKVD Directorate of Internal Affairs P.K. Soprunenko in the form of a "Checklist" only on March 3, 1940 (Katyn. Prisoners. S. 430). These data could not get into the text of the document registered on February 29, 1940.


Some historians try to explain the resulting contradiction as follows. Allegedly, for the note No. 794 / B, the February outgoing number was reserved in the registration journal. The note itself was completed on March 1 or 2, so on the first page of the month for the month the typist typed “March.” But they did not send a note to the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, as Beria allegedly decided to wait for more recent data. Having received them on March 3, Beria gave the command to reprint only the 2nd and 3rd sheets, replaced them, and on March 5 personally introduced a note to the Politburo.

However, even such a combination of extremely unlikely events does not explain why the February outgoing registration number was reserved for the note, and the note itself was dated not in February, but in March 1940!


The fact that the pages of Beria’s Note No. 794 / B were printed at different times is evidenced by the results of their visual comparison. We will touch upon only one circumstance. On the first page of the electronic copy of the note, which is slightly smaller than the original, the indentation of the text from the left edge of the sheet is 56 mm, on the second and third - 64 mm, on the fourth - 60 mm. The indentation is set with a special mechanical lock and does not change during printing of one document. A backlash between the edges of the sheet of paper and the stopper may result in a maximum error of 2–4 mm.


But the 8 mm difference in the indentation is no longer an error, but a sign of printing pages after changing the position of the mechanical clips. For accuracy, we additionally consider the indentation of the text from the lower edge of the sheet, which each typist sets individually. The bottom margin of the text on the first page is 25 mm, on the second and third - 15 mm.


The measurement results allow us to state with a high degree of confidence that the second and third pages were printed at a different time than the first. Moreover, in violation of the usual order, the note does not contain the initials of the typist who printed the document.


to be continued:

Mirof said:

Katyn
The truth was finally acknowledged in 1990, in the dying days of Soviet power,
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-11845315

Click to expand...

.



People familiar with the Soviet system of office work in the highest authorities do not even think that Beria gave the command to reprint only two sheets of a letter addressed to Stalin, and not the entire document. The versions about the “reservation” of numbers, “unintentional” confusion of the month, “accidental” lack of dates, “irrelevant” discrepancies between numerical data in different parts of the text and “partial” replacement of sheets in a document intended for the first person of the country, sucked from a finger too primitive!

It is also hard to believe that Beria found it possible to delay the sending of a finished note to the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (b) of a prepared note on the fate of 25,700 Poles for the sake of adding more recent statistics on the personnel of prisoners of war, differing by only 14 people .


It is worth recalling that the grossest errors in the content and design made in the "Beria Note No. 794 / B" in 1940 could cost the performer his head. In those years, employees of the NKVD apparatus were severely punished for less serious miscalculations when working with documents.


Thus, in the explanatory part of Beria’s note, it is indicated that 14,736 prisoners of war are kept in the NKVD camps, and 10,685 arrested Poles in prisons, but in the resolutory part, 14,700 prisoners of war and 11,000 arrested Poles are shot. That is 36 POWs less POWs and 315 more arrested. Former long-term employees of the KGB of the USSR and the Central Committee of the CPSU believe that this is simply impossible in documents of this level! Any analogies with rounded "orders" for repression are not justified, because in the specific case, what is the situation with Polish prisoners of war, Stalin demanded exact numbers.

It is naive to explain Beria’s discrepancies by the carelessness or “disregard” of Beria’s attitude to documents. It was simply dangerous to send such “raw” documents to the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks to the head of any Soviet department, including the NKVD. Stalin always demanded the justification of the figures introduced for consideration by the Politburo.

Here is how A. Khrulev describes it:


“You may imagine it all this way: here Stalin opened the meeting, proposes an agenda, begins to discuss this agenda, etc. Nothing of the kind! He himself raised some questions, some questions arose during the discussion, and he immediately called: this concerns Khrulev, let’s Khrulev come here ...


Dozens of decisions were made during the day. And it wasn’t such that the State Committee met on Wednesdays or Fridays, the meetings took place every day and at any hours, after Stalin’s arrival ...


There were no transcripts at the meetings, no protocols, no technical workers ... Stalin signed the documents, often without reading them - this is until you have compromised yourself somewhere. Everything was built on tremendous trust. But as soon as he was convinced that this man was a fraudster, that he had deceived and deceived, the fate of such an employee was decided.


I prepared thousands of documents for signature, but, preparing these documents, I followed each letter. ”


(Karpov. Generalissimo. S. 23, 24)

The lack of responsibility and indiscipline of an employee of any level were unacceptable to Stalin. This is evidenced by the telegram that he sent to his favorite - the chief of the General Staff, Alexander Mikhailovich Vasilevsky, regarding the delay in delivering the results of the operation last night and assessing the situation from the front to Moscow:


"... I warn you that if you even once allow yourself to forget about your duty to the Headquarters, you will be removed from the post of chief of the General Staff and will be recalled from the front."


(Karpov. Generalissimo. S. 219)


All talk of "permissiveness" and "omnipotence" of Beria in March 1940 is a fiction. By that time, L. Beria was in the rank of general commissioner of state security and the post of People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR for only fifteen months (Stalin's era, p. 354). It must be recalled that in the spring of 1940, the investigation of violations of social law committed by the "Special Three" of the times of Yezhov was in full swing. Yezhov himself, along with his deputy Frinovsky, who oversaw the work of the "triples", was shot on February 4, 1940. Beria at that time was extremely careful.

There is no doubt that Stalin read Beria's note. This is evidenced by his painting on the first sheet and the correction on the fourth sheet of the note, where “it is written by hand over the line with a blue pencil, obviously, by Stalin -“ Kobulov “” (Katyn. Prisoners. P. 390). The question arises: could Stalin not give importance to the discrepancies in the numbers on the second and third sheet of the note, or did he read these two sheets in March 1940, but with a different content?


It is very likely that the two middle sheets of “Beria Note No. 794 / B”, with the aim of distorting the true content of the entire note, were later replaced.


In addition, questions arise on the first sheet of the note. The mysterious arrangement of resolutions on a note by Beria. Instead of the generally accepted orientation from the left - to the right and from the bottom - up, Stalin, and after him Voroshilov, Molotov and Mikoyan signed on the left - to the right, but from the top - down.
This is not found in documents, since a document turned to the right is difficult to read.


Further, in the extract from the Politburo decision of March 5, 1940, the surname “Kobulov”, which Stalin inscribed in Beria’s note, was mistakenly printed through “a” - “Kabulov”. It is hard to believe that at that time they made a mistake in the correction made personally by Stalin.

It should also be noted that the letters signed by Beria, coming from the NKVD secretariat, were marked with a lowercase letter “B” in February and March 1940, and not with a capital letter “B”, as in letter No. 794. All these inexplicable inconsistencies involuntarily suggest the idea that, perhaps, we are dealing only with part of a genuine note by Beria.


To be continued:

Mirof said:

Katyn
The truth was finally acknowledged in 1990, in the dying days of Soviet power,
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-11845315

Click to expand...

.



According to the information available to the authors, the Katyn cases are currently stored in the archives of the President of the Russian Federation, but are still not declassified.
It is possible that in these three archival files are documents with the original text of Beria’s letter No. 794 / B dated February 29, 1940 and the genuine decision of the Politburo on the “Question of the NKVD of the USSR” dated March 5, 1940. It is extremely necessary to find out when and by whom these documents were seized.


By the way, out of several hundred similar documents examined by the authors at the RSAASP, “Beria Note No. 794 / B” is the only archive document of the “Special Folder” of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks for 1940, for which, for some unknown reason, there is no mark on the direction copies and extracts in the affairs of the current paperwork. A similar mark was preserved only on the “substitute”, filed into the main archival file with the decisions of the Politburo for February 28 - March 9, 1940 instead of the documents placed in the “Special Folder” (RGASPI, f. 17, op. 163, d. 1249, l. 119).


It is also very strange that extracts with a decision on the “Question of the NKVD of the USSR” from the minutes of the meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks dated March 5, 1940 were printed on letterheads in red and black that were no longer used in the spring of 1940 .


In the upper left corner of the typographic forms of the period of the 1930s, a red warning was printed in red: “To be returned within 24 hours to the 2nd part of the Special Sector of the Central Committee”. On the side, a red lettering printed by the Plenum of the RCP (B.) Dated 19.VII.1924 is printed.


"... The mark and date of familiarization on each document is made personally by the comrade to whom he is addressed, and with his personal signature ..."


(RGASPI, f. 17, op. 166, d. 621, l. 134)


On the forms that were used in the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in February - March 1940 the entire form, was printed in black font, and the Plenum’s instructions were transferred to the reverse side and also printed in black font. But to Beria for an unknown reason the note was sent on the old form.


Moreover, on the extract from the minutes of the meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of March 5, 1940 for "Comrade. Beria ”there is no stamp of the Central Committee and a print of a facsimile signed by Stalin. In fact, this is not a document, but a simple information copy. The dispatch of an unauthorized extract without a stamp from the Central Committee to the Beria contradicted to the elementary rules of the Central Committee apparatus.


It should be noted that protocol No. 13 itself (“Special No. 13”), containing the decisions of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks from February 17 to March 17, 1940, is duly certified. It bears the facsimile signature of I. Stalin, sealed with a red round seal of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks with the inscription "The All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks." In the inner circle there are two letters - “Central Committee” (RGASPI, f. 17, op. 162, d. 27, p. 54).


In accordance with the requirements of the Central Committee, Beria after having read the extract had to sign it and immediately return it to the “Special Sector of the Central Committee”. But on the extract from the “closed package No. 1” addressed to Beria has no marks on his familiarization with the document! But on the reverse side of this copy there is a mark on the additional direction of Beria of this extract on December 4, 1941. But the mark on the December familiarization is also missing!



Judging by the marks on this document, in March 1940, the typist N. Ksenofontova printed 4 copies of the extract with the decision of the Politburo on March 5, 1940. Two more copies were printed a little later (for an unknown purpose). Of these 6 printed copies, on November 15, 1956, 2 copies were destroyed.


Note: It should be noted that on this day the newly elected First Secretary of the PUWP Central Committee V. Gomulka arrived in Moscow to meet with N. Khrushchev. One gets the impression that all these ingenious manipulations with additional copies of extracts were somehow connected with the visit of Gomulka, which we will talk about specially.


When analyzing the situation with extracts from the Politburo protocol, questions arise. Where did the original extract that Beria sent in March 1940 and in December 1941 disappeared? On which form Beria had to sign twice?
For what purpose was unfinished and an unauthorized informational typewritten copy of the extract drawn up as allegedly sent to Beria? Why was this copy kept in a “closed package” instead of the original?


Questions arise after reading a copy of the extract from the minutes of the meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks dated March 5, 1940, sent in February 1959 to the Chairman of the KGB A. Shelepin. This copy was also printed in March 1940 or later. However, the date of March 5, 1940 and the name of the old addressee were removed from it, after which the new date of February 27, 1959 and the name of Shelepin were imprinted in the text. According to all the canons of office work, the new date and the new surname of the addressee should have been put only on the cover letter!

Another flagrant violation of the requirements of the instructions for archival record keeping is the black ink “Return. 27/11–59 ”on the front side of“ extract for Shelepin ”. Archive workers had the right to make marks on archival documents only in a single case and in a single place of a document - when re-archiving archived volumes, write in plain pencil in the upper right corner the new sheet number. This document also does not contain any Shelepin's familiarization notes.

Many of these violations become noticeable only through a direct visual comparison of “historical” documents with dozens of similar documents of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in February-March 1940, which are executed in accordance with the requirements of the then office work.

The repeated, thorough and independent examination of “historical” documents has to be done to resolve these issues

At the same time, it should be noted that, regardless of its results, it is necessary to investigate facts that irrefutably indicate that in the fall of 1941 the Nazis massively shot people dressed in Polish military uniforms in the vicinity of Smolensk.


Cheers.
Tank.

On this picture, tank is in front showing the way


The blind showing the way
Pieter Brueghel l'Ancien, La Parabole des Aveugles, 1568,