OzDigger
Colonel
- Joined
- Jan 7, 2006
- Messages
- 8,215
Oz,
Just a couple of points:
The British were very busy dealing with Ron's friend Napoleon, so they didn't really want to focus on the War with the fledgling U.S. The Canadians (as well as their version of Field Marshall Winter) easily defeated our poorly conceived and executed invasion of Canada, and the British made a successful attack on our capital, which was defended only by poorly trained militia. However, they learned a very shocking lesson when they attempted to engage our new Constitution class Frigates with their older, lighter gunned Frigates. In all but one one on one encounters, the British Navy suffered extremely unacceptable defeats at the hands of our better designed ships (Teddy Roosevelt actually first made his name by writing an extremely well detailed book on these encounters entitled "The Naval War of 1812" - an excellent naval treatise if you can overlook the racial superiority theories inherent in its conclusions). As a result of their preoccupation with the French, and a need to avoid further bad publicity from naval encounters (the Admirilaty actually ordered British Frigates never to engage American Frigates without a 2 to 1 advantage in numbers), the British government negotiated generous peace terms with our envoys, meeting all our initial concerns about impressing seamen, etc. Sadly for all involved, news of the peace treaty had not reached the United States prior to the British attempt to invade New Orleans. As a result of extremely poor British generalship (Pakenham paid for his incompetence with his life) the British suffered what Wellington described as the worst debacle in British military history, and the fledgling Sutherland Highlanders, in their first battle, suffered better then 50% casualties. I don't know anything about a later surrender in Canada (history classes here in the United States generally completely ignore our losses or screw ups), but I would characterize the war as a draw: we got our butts kicked in attempting to invade Canada and the British burned our capital, but our Navy won all but one major engagement with the far larger and more experienced British Navy, and the biggest single engagement of the war at New Orleans might have been the worst defeat in British military history, at least until General Elphinstone got his entire army slaughtered retreating from Afghanistan.
From the limited refs I have read on this war it seems most of the problems and indeed the myths that arose from this war were due to poor communications of the day.
For example I've read that Britain agreed not to impress sailors some time before the Battle of New Orleans. However as the terms came to the notice of the Americans shortly after that battle I guess most Americans believed that battle made the difference, when it was in fact well after the fact. Here's some info on the subsequent Battle of Fort Bowyer (Alabama) - where I mentioned the American troops surrendered the fort: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Bowyer
In the defence of the Brit Navy I should mention that the "Frigate Battles" was hardly a fair match of war ships as the American frigates were in effect a class or more above the Brit frigate size, and I believe the crews on the British vessels weren't the best available men.
But as you say both parties seemed satisfied with the result and a draw seems a fair conclusion. Btw I know my Grandfather never considered Gallipoli a loss as HE left in his own time and wasn't being forced off by the Turks, of course Turkish history may say something different