Battle for Arnhem.... (3 Viewers)

The second lift was delayed by more than four hours ...

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.... a source of much frustration to the units that had to maintain their positions around the landing areas.

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They did this in the face of increasing German pressure as the day wore on with still no sign of the lift's approach.

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An added danger was the appearance during the morning of between twenty and thirty Messerschmitt 109s which made strafing runs on the landing areas used the previous day.

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They particularly attacked the areas on which there were gliders to be seen.

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Several gliders were set on fire. That, and a few men wounded, was the only effect of ten minutes or so of noisy and violent action. The fighters flew off and would be back at their bases in Germany, unprepared for action, when the second lift approached.

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There may have been only one British fatal casualty from this strafing. Out on the Airborne Corps HQ glider landing zone near Nijmegen was a solitary RAF officer. He was Wing Commander John Brown, who was in charge of two RAF radar parties due to come in by glider, with the second lift, to Arnhem.

Two radar party members wait, prior to embarkation on the glider ....

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Ref: Arnhem - 1944: The Airborne Battle by M. Middlebrook


The plan for the second lift, as far as Arnhem was concerned, was that the balance of the 1st British Airborne Division, mainly the 4th Parachute Brigade Group, would be flown in as early in the day as possible. Take-offs were planned for soon after 7.0 a.m. Unlike the first lift, the American parachute aircraft would fly in first — 123 C-47s and three C-53s. These would be provided by the 314th and 315th Troop Carrier Groups based at Saltby and Spanhoe respectively.

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Most of the RAF's 38 and 46 Groups would be dispatched once again; 296 aircraft would tow 281 Horsas and 15 Hamilcars (see below) ......

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...... containing the balance of the division's guns, vehicles and infantry, including twenty-five glider loads from the first lift that had force-landed in England the previous day.

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Also from the glider lift were ten Horsas from Manston carrying the first element of the Polish brigade to fly to Arnhem - mainly an anti-tank troop - and four Horsas from Harwell with the two RAF radar warning teams aboard.

Thirty-three further aircraft, Stirlings of 295 and 570 Squadrons from Harwell, would carry out the first of the daily parachute resupply drop for the units already landed at Arnhem.

It would be another day of massive air operations, with nearly 2,500 aircraft involved in Operation 'Market' flights. It is an interesting point that, while the Polish brigade was still waiting to fly to Arnhem, 110 B-17 Flying Fortresses of the 8th US Air Force were flying that day from England in a last attempt to drop supplies to the dying Warsaw Uprising, in support of which the Polish brigade had originally been raised.

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Good job Louis, as I resized a lot more ....

Ref: Arnhem - 1944: The Airborne Battle by M. Middlebrook

The second-lift units and aircraft were all ready by the Sunday evening, but during the night mist was forecast for many of the English airfield areas. Lieutenant-General Brereton's staff decided that the take-offs would have to be delayed until this hazard cleared

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U unfortunately, communications were so poor that there was no way of informing the commanders at Arnhem of the delay.

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The second-lift aircraft had to wait four hours before the weather cleared. Take-offs eventually commenced at 11.20 a.m.

However, a further change of plan had been made during that waiting period. The original plan was to use the southern approach route, entailing a longer flight but making more use of Allied-held territory. Weather reports from Belgium now showed that this route was affected by thick raincloud, so it was decided that the northern route should again be used.

Navigators and map readers had to be rebriefed and new flight plans made.

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Two stand-by Dakota crews at Broadwell, brought in at the last moment to tow gliders which had aborted on the first lift, were not informed of the change. There were no serious accidents; one glider crashed when its tug's engines failed, but there were no casualties. There were showers and cloud in some places, but only seven Horsas and one Hamilcar from the Arnhem force came down early over England.

One of the Horsas, being towed by a 299 Squadron Stirling, landed safely at Martlesham Heath airfield. The Stirling pilot, Flight Lieutenant B. H. Berridge, also landed there, had the glider reattached to the tow line and took off again; but the Stirling was later damaged by flak over Holland and had to cast off its glider there.

The only mishap to any of the American parachute aircraft was when a 314th Troop Carrier Group aircraft nearly crashed after a badly fitted parachute on one of the supply containers under a wing opened prematurely. The container was jettisoned, but the parachute then wrapped itself around the tail wheel, with the container hanging below. The pilot (name unknown) landed carefully at an airfield in East Anglia, all aboard hoping that the contents of the container were not sensitive explosives. In the event, all was well; the parachute and container were cut away, and the C-47 took off again. It was not able to catch up with its own formation and so flew to Holland among the tugs and gliders.

The weather improved over the North Sea. Morale among the airborne troops was high. Many were reading newspapers containing reports of the previous day's successful landings.

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Flight Officer George Hoffman was an American co-pilot.

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Hoffman later went to talk to the troops in the back of his C-47, probably 10th Battalion men:

'The troopers were joyously talking about the success of the mission and that it would mean the end of the war by Christmas.'

Two gliders had to ditch in the sea. One was a large Hamilcar carrying a 17-pounder anti-tank gun and its towing vehicle. The Hamilcar broke up on hitting the water, and Lieutenant Robert McLaren, the artillery officer, was drowned when the gun broke loose and trapped him. He was the only casualty of the ditchings.
 

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