ACW 19
54th New York, the "Schwarzer Jaegers."
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The Schwarzer Jaegers, consisted exclusively of Germans, many of whom had seen service in Germany, or, had already served three months under President Lincoln's first call for volunteers, was recruited by Col. Eugene E. Kozlay, during the summer of 1861, in New York City, as the " Black Rifles." They were uniformed in black and silver like the regiment after which they were named, " Lutzow's Schwarzer Jaegers."
The regiment received its numerical designation of Fifty-fourth New York Volunteers on October 15, 1861, and on December 1, 1861 it was assigned to Steinwehr's Brigade, Blenker's Division, all composed of Germans, at Hunter's Chapel, Va.
The 54th saw numerous action during the Civil War, including Gettysburg.
At Gettsyburg, the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg, the regiment again held the extreme right of the Eleventh Corps under General Barlow. At the end of the first day, July 1, the regiment retreated with the Eleventh Corps through the village of Gettysburg, constantly fighting, and, when their ammunition was exhausted, quite a number, including four officers, were taken prisoners in the village. The rest retreated and came to a stand at Cemetery Hill, where they were assigned to the duty of protecting the artillery, and were placed at the foot of the eastern slope near a stone wall intersecting the Culp's Hill Road, forming the extreme right of the Eleventh Corps. Several of the men were wounded and others killed, while going for water to a spring in front of them, by a rebel sharpshooter hidden in a tree, who was finally brought down by a bullet from one of the 54th.
Towards the evening of July 2d an attack was made by the enemy along the whole line of the Eleventh Corps. Among the first killed was the color bearer, Sergt. Henry Michel. Two successive color bearers were severely wounded, and the remnant of the regiment was pushed up the hill, close to the Cemetery. Another regiment coming to the relief of the exhausted 54th, it made a stand, assumed the aggressive and took part in a hand-to-hand fight, finally driving back the enemy and taking up again its old position.